Social Choice in Medieval Europe
نویسندگان
چکیده
Il existait au Moyen-âge des pensées profondes et raffinées du choix social, surtout chez Ramon Llull, (ca 1232-1316) et Nicolaus Krebs, surnommé ‘de Cusa’ ou ‘Cusanus’ (1401-64). Deux règles fondamentales du choix social moderne, c'est-à-dire celles de Copeland (généralisation de la règle de Condorcet) et de Borda, ont été proposées par Llull et Cusanus plusieurs siècles avant l'«âge d'or» du choix social à la fin du XVIIIème siècle. Les deux approches modernes fondamentales du choix social sont déjà formulées dans ces travaux de l'époque médiévale: l’approche aléatoire (agrégation de jugements imparfaits) et l'approche d'agrégation des intérêts. Nous examinons les procédures d'élection des papes au Moyen-âge, ainsi qu'au sein des ordres religieux. Abstract
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